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Java 8 – How to convert Iterator to Stream

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In Java 8, we can use StreamSupport.stream to convert an Iterator into a Stream. // Iterator -> Spliterators -> Stream Stream<String> stream = StreamSupport.stream( Spliterators.spliteratorUnknownSize( iterator, Spliterator.ORDERED) , false); Review the StreamSupport.stream method signature, it accepts a Spliterator. StreamSupport.java public static <T> Stream<T> stream(Spliterator<T> spliterator, boolean parallel) { Objects.requireNonNull(spliterator); return new ReferencePipeline.Head<>(spliterator, StreamOpFlag.fromCharacteristics(spliterator), parallel); } …

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Java Iterator examples

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A few of Java Iterator and ListIterator examples. 1. Iterator 1.1 Get Iterator from a List or Set, and loop over it. JavaIteratorExample1a.java package com.mkyong; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; public class JavaIteratorExample1a { public static void main(String[] args) { /* Set<Integer> set = new HashSet<>(); set.add(1); set.add(2); set.add(3); set.add(4); set.add(5); Iterator<Integer> iterator = …

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Java 8 – Find duplicate elements in a Stream

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This article shows you three algorithms to find duplicate elements in a Stream. Set.add() Collectors.groupingBy Collections.frequency At the end of the article, we use the JMH benchmark to test which one is the fastest algorithm. 1. Filter & Set.add() The Set.add() returns false if the element was already in the set; let see the benchmark …

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Java 8 – Get the last element of a Stream?

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In Java 8, we can use reduce or skip to get the last element of a Stream. 1. Stream.reduce Java8Example1.java package com.mkyong; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; public class Java8Example1 { public static void main(String[] args) { List<String> list = Arrays.asList("node", "java", "c++", "react", "javascript"); String result = list.stream().reduce((first, second) -> second).orElse("no last element"); System.out.println(result); } …

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Java 8 – How to convert IntStream to int or int[]

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Few Java 8 examples to get a primitive int from an IntStream. 1. IntStream -> int Java8Example1.java package com.mkyong; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.OptionalInt; import java.util.stream.IntStream; public class Java8Example1 { public static void main(String[] args) { int[] num = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; //1. int[] -> IntStream IntStream stream = Arrays.stream(num); // 2. OptionalInt OptionalInt …

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Java 8 – How to Sum BigDecimal using Stream?

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In Java 8, we can use the Stream.reduce() to sum a list of BigDecimal. 1. Stream.reduce() Java example to sum a list of BigDecimal values, using a normal for loop and a stream.reduce(). JavaBigDecimal.java package com.mkyong; import java.math.BigDecimal; import java.util.LinkedList; import java.util.List; public class JavaBigDecimal { public static void main(String[] args) { List<BigDecimal> invoices = …

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Java 8 Predicate Examples

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In Java 8, Predicate is a functional interface, which accepts an argument and returns a boolean. Usually, it used to apply in a filter for a collection of objects. @FunctionalInterface public interface Predicate<T> { boolean test(T t); } Further Reading Java 8 BiPredicate Examples 1. Predicate in filter() filter() accepts predicate as argument. Java8Predicate.java package …

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Java 8 Stream findFirst() and findAny()

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In Java 8 Stream, the findFirst() returns the first element from a Stream, while findAny() returns any element from a Stream. 1. findFirst() 1.1 Find the first element from a Stream of Integers. Java8FindFirstExample1.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; import java.util.Optional; public class Java8FindFirstExample1 { public static void main(String[] args) { List<Integer> list = …

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Java Regular Expression Examples

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Java 8 stream and regular expression examples. Note Learn the basic regular expression at Wikipedia 1. String.matches(regex) 1.1 This example, check if the string is a number. JavaRegEx1.java package com.mkyong.regex; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; public class JavaRegEx1 { public static void main(String[] args) { List<String> numbers = Arrays.asList("1", "20", "A1", "333", "A2A211"); for (String number …

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Java 8 Stream – Convert List<List<String>> to List<String>

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As title, we can use flatMap to convert it. Java9Example1.java package com.mkyong.test; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.stream.Collectors; public class Java9Example1 { public static void main(String[] args) { List<String> numbers = Arrays.asList("1", "2", "A", "B", "C1D2E3"); List<List<String>> collect = numbers.stream() .map(x -> new Scanner(x).findAll("\\D+") .map(m -> m.group()) .collect(Collectors.toList()) ) .collect(Collectors.toList()); collect.forEach(x -> System.out.println(x)); …

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How to loop an enum in Java

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Call the .values() method of the enum class to return an array, and loop it with the for loop: for (EnumClass obj : EnumClass.values()) { System.out.println(obj); } For Java 8, convert an enum into a stream and loop it: Stream.of(EnumClass.values()).forEach(System.out::println); 1. For Loop Enum 1.1 An enum to contain a list of the popular JVM …

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Java 8 Parallel Streams Examples

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Few Java 8 examples to execute streams in parallel. 1. BaseStream.parallel() A simple parallel example to print 1 to 10. ParallelExample1.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.util.stream.IntStream; public class ParallelExample1 { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Normal…"); IntStream range = IntStream.rangeClosed(1, 10); range.forEach(System.out::println); System.out.println("Parallel…"); IntStream range2 = IntStream.rangeClosed(1, 10); range2.parallel().forEach(System.out::println); } } Output Normal… 1 2 …

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Java 8 Stream – The peek() is not working with count()?

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Many examples are using the .count() as the terminal operation for .peek(), for example: Java 8 List<String> l = Arrays.asList("A", "B", "C", "D"); long count = l.stream().peek(System.out::println).count(); System.out.println(count); // 4 Output – It’s working fine. A B C D 4 However, for Java 9 and above, the peek() may print nothing: Java 9 and above …

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Java 8 – Should we close the Stream after use?

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Only Streams whose source are an IO channel like Files.lines(Path, Charset) need to be closed. Read this Stream JavaDocs Streams have a BaseStream.close() method and implement AutoCloseable, but nearly all stream instances do not actually need to be closed after use. Generally, only streams whose source is an IO channel (such as those returned by …

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Java 8 – Convert a Stream to Array

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In Java 8, we can use .toArray() to convert a Stream into an Array. 1. Stream -> String[] StreamString.java package com.mkyong; import java.util.Arrays; public class StreamString { public static void main(String[] args) { String lines = "I Love Java 8 Stream!"; // split by space, uppercase, and convert to Array String[] result = Arrays.stream(lines.split("\\s+")) .map(String::toUpperCase) …

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Java 8 – How to convert IntStream to Integer[]

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The key is boxed() the IntStream into a Stream<Integer>, then only convert to an Array. StreamExample.java package com.mkyong; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.stream.IntStream; import java.util.stream.Stream; public class StreamExample { public static void main(String[] args) { //int[] -> IntStream -> Stream<Integer> -> Integer[] int[] num = {3, 4, 5}; //1. int[] -> IntStream IntStream stream = Arrays.stream(num); …

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Java – How to declare and initialize an Array

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Few Java examples to declare, initialize and manipulate Array in Java 1. Declares Array 1.1 For primitive types. ArrayExample1.java package com.mkyong; import java.util.Arrays; public class ArrayExample1 { public static void main(String[] args) { //declares an array of integers int[] num1 = new int[5]; int[] num2 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; int[] num3 = new …

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Java 8 – How to sort list with stream.sorted()

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Few examples to show you how to sort a List with stream.sorted() 1. List 1.1 Sort a List with Comparator.naturalOrder() package com.mkyong.sorted; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; import java.util.stream.Collectors; public class StreamApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { List<String> list = Arrays.asList("9", "A", "Z", "1", "B", "Y", "4", "a", "c"); /* List<String> sortedList = list.stream() …

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Java – How to read a file into a list?

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In Java, there are few ways to read a file line by line into a List 1. Java 8 stream List<String> result; try (Stream<String> lines = Files.lines(Paths.get(fileName))) { result = lines.collect(Collectors.toList()); } 2. Java 7 Files.readAllLines(new File(fileName).toPath(), Charset.defaultCharset()); 3. Classic BufferedReader example. List<String> result = new ArrayList<>(); BufferedReader br = null; try { br = …

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Java Fibonacci examples

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Fibonacci number – Every number after the first two is the sum of the two preceding. Few Java examples to find the Fibonacci numbers. 1. Java 8 stream 1.1 In Java 8, we can use Stream.iterate to generate Fibonacci numbers like this : Stream.iterate(new int[]{0, 1}, t -> new int[]{t[1], t[0] + t[1]}) .limit(10) .forEach(x …

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Java 8 Stream.iterate examples

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In Java 8, we can use Stream.iterate to create stream values on demand, so called infinite stream. 1. Stream.iterate 1.1 Stream of 0 – 9 //Stream.iterate(initial value, next value) Stream.iterate(0, n -> n + 1) .limit(10) .forEach(x -> System.out.println(x)); Output 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1.2 Stream of odd numbers …

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Java 8 Streams map() examples

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In Java 8, stream().map() lets you convert an object to something else. Review the following examples : 1. A List of Strings to Uppercase 1.1 Simple Java example to convert a list of Strings to upper case. TestJava8.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; import java.util.stream.Collectors; public class TestJava8 { public static void …

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Java – Check if Array contains a certain value?

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Java examples to check if an Array (String or Primitive type) contains a certain values, updated with Java 8 stream APIs. 1. String Arrays 1.1 Check if a String Array contains a certain value “A”. StringArrayExample1.java package com.mkyong.core; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; public class StringArrayExample1 { public static void main(String[] args) { String[] alphabet = …

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Java 8 – How to sort a Map

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Java 8 Stream examples to sort a Map, by keys or by values. 1. Quick Explanation Steps to sort a Map in Java 8. Convert a Map into a Stream Sort it Collect and return a new LinkedHashMap (keep the order) Map result = map.entrySet().stream() .sorted(Map.Entry.comparingByKey()) .collect(Collectors.toMap(Map.Entry::getKey, Map.Entry::getValue, (oldValue, newValue) -> oldValue, LinkedHashMap::new)); P.S By …

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Java 8 – Convert a Stream to List

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A Java 8 example to show you how to convert a Stream to a List via Collectors.toList Java8Example1.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.util.List; import java.util.stream.Collectors; import java.util.stream.Stream; public class Java8Example1 { public static void main(String[] args) { Stream<String> language = Stream.of("java", "python", "node"); //Convert a Stream to List List<String> result = language.collect(Collectors.toList()); result.forEach(System.out::println); } } output …

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Java 8 – Filter a null value from a Stream

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Review a Stream containing null values. Java8Examples.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.util.List; import java.util.stream.Collectors; import java.util.stream.Stream; public class Java8Examples { public static void main(String[] args) { Stream<String> language = Stream.of("java", "python", "node", null, "ruby", null, "php"); List<String> result = language.collect(Collectors.toList()); result.forEach(System.out::println); } } output java python node null //

Java 8 flatMap example

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This article explains the Java 8 Stream.flatMap and how to use it. Topic What is flatMap? Why flat a Stream? flatMap example – Find a set of books. flatMap example – Order and LineItems. flatMap example – Splits the line by spaces. flatMap and Primitive type 1. What is flatMap()? 1.1 Review the below structure. …

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Java – How to convert Array to Stream

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In Java 8, you can either use Arrays.stream or Stream.of to convert an Array into a Stream. 1. Object Arrays For object arrays, both Arrays.stream and Stream.of returns the same output. TestJava8.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.stream.Stream; public class TestJava8 { public static void main(String[] args) { String[] array = {"a", "b", "c", "d", …

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Java – Stream has already been operated upon or closed

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In Java 8, Stream cannot be reused, once it is consumed or used, the stream will be closed. 1. Example – Stream is closed! Review the following example, it will throw an IllegalStateException, saying “stream is closed”. TestJava8.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.stream.Stream; public class TestJava8 { public static void main(String[] args) { String[] …

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Java 8 – Stream Collectors groupingBy examples

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In this article, we will show you how to use Java 8 Stream Collectors to group by, count, sum and sort a List. 1. Group By, Count and Sort 1.1 Group by a List and display the total count of it. Java8Example1.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.function.Function; import java.util.stream.Collectors; public …

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Java 8 – Convert List to Map

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Few Java 8 examples to show you how to convert a List of objects into a Map, and how to handle the duplicated keys. Hosting.java package com.mkyong.java8 public class Hosting { private int Id; private String name; private long websites; public Hosting(int id, String name, long websites) { Id = id; this.name = name; this.websites …

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Java 8 Streams filter examples

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In this tutorial, we will show you few Java 8 examples to demonstrate the use of Streams filter(), collect(), findAny() and orElse() 1. Streams filter() and collect() 1.1 Before Java 8, filter a List like this : BeforeJava8.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; public class BeforeJava8 { public static void main(String[] args) …

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Java – How to join Arrays

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In this article, we will show you a few ways to join a Java Array. Apache Commons Lang – ArrayUtils Java API Java 8 Stream 1. Apache Commons Lang – ArrayUtils The simplest way is add the Apache Commons Lang library, and use ArrayUtils. addAll to join arrays. This method supports both primitive and object …

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Java 8 Stream – Read a file line by line

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In Java 8, you can use Files.lines to read file as Stream. c://lines.txt – A simple text file for testing line1 line2 line3 line4 line5 1. Java 8 Read File + Stream TestReadFile.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.nio.file.Paths; import java.util.stream.Stream; public class TestReadFile { public static void main(String args[]) { String fileName …

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Java – How to convert String to Char Array

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In Java, you can use String.toCharArray() to convert a String into a char array. StringToCharArray.java package com.mkyong.utils; public class StringToCharArray { public static void main(String[] args) { String password = "password123"; char[] passwordInCharArray = password.toCharArray(); for (char temp : passwordInCharArray) { System.out.println(temp); } } } Output p a s s w o r d 1 …

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How to copy directory in Java

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In Java, we can use the Java 1.7 FileVisitor or Apache Commons IO FileUtils.copyDirectory to copy a directory, which includes its sub-directories and files. This article shows a few of the common ways to copy a directory in Java. FileVisitor (Java 7+) FileUtils.copyDirectory (Apache commons-io) Custom Copy using Java 7 NIO and Java 8 Stream. …

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How to delete directory in Java

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If we use the NIO Files.delete to delete a non-empty directory in Java, it throws DirectoryNotEmptyException; for legacy IO File.delete to delete a non-empty directory, it returns a false. The standard solution is to loop the directory recursively, and delete all its children’s contents first (sub-files or sub-directories), and delete the parent later. This example …

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