Problem

A <global-exceptions> exception handler example in struts-config.xml.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC 
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" 
"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">
 
<struts-config>
 
	<global-exceptions>
	    <exception
	      key="error.io.key"
	      type="java.io.IOException"
	      path="/error.jsp" />
	</global-exceptions>
 
	<form-beans>
		<form-bean name="dynaUserForm"   
		      type="org.apache.struts.action.DynaActionForm">
		      <form-property name="username" type="java.lang.String"/>
		</form-bean>
	</form-beans>
 
	<action-mappings>
	    //...
	</action-mappings>
 
</struts-config>

During deployment, org.apache.commons.digester.Digester error is prompt.

19 April 2010 6:50:13 PM org.apache.commons.digester.Digester error
SEVERE: Parse Error at line 52 column 17: The content of element type 
"struts-config" must match "(display-name?,description?,form-beans?,
global-exceptions?,global-forwards?,action-mappings?,controller?,
message-resources*,plug-in*)".

The <global-exceptions> syntax is absolutely correct, did you spot the error?

Solution

The elements of the struts-config.xml “MUST” appear in the correct order. See the error message again :

"struts-config" must match 
display-name?,
description?,
form-beans?,
global-exceptions?,
global-forwards?,
action-mappings?,
controller?,
message-resources*,
plug-in*

The <form-beans> have to appear before <global-exceptions>. You need to change your struts-config.xml to the following order :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC 
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.3//EN" 
"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_3.dtd">
 
<struts-config>
 
	<form-beans>
		<form-bean name="dynaUserForm"   
		      type="org.apache.struts.action.DynaActionForm">
		      <form-property name="username" type="java.lang.String"/>
		</form-bean>
	</form-beans>
 
        <global-exceptions>
	    <exception
	      key="error.io.key"
	      type="java.io.IOException"
	      path="/error.jsp" />
	</global-exceptions>
 
	<action-mappings>
	    //...
	</action-mappings>
 
</struts-config>
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